How does black powder compare to smokeless powder in terms of stability?

Black powder is considered less stable and more explosive compared to smokeless powder. This is due to its chemical composition and the way it functions as a propellant.

Black powder, which consists of a mixture of potassium nitrate, charcoal, and sulfur, is more sensitive to environmental conditions, such as moisture and temperature fluctuations. This sensitivity can make it prone to accidental ignition or degradation over time, especially if not stored properly. Additionally, the burn rate of black powder is relatively quick and can produce a significant amount of gas and heat in a short period, leading to a more explosive reaction under certain conditions.

On the other hand, smokeless powder, which is more commonly used in modern firearms, is engineered to be more stable. It generally has a slower burn rate and can withstand various weather conditions better than black powder. Its stability allows for safer storage and handling, making it a preferred choice for most contemporary ammunition.

Overall, the increased volatility and sensitivity of black powder contribute to its classification as less stable and more explosive compared to smokeless powder.